AFP
Photo/Paul J.Richards (thinkINpictures @1WORLD Community)
Alifhafisin - Sekumpulan
bekas orang dalam Agensi Keselamatan Negara yang kemudian menjadi pemberi
maklumat telah menulis surat kepada Presiden Barack Obama, meminta pertemuan
dengan beliau untuk menawarkan “gambaran yang jelas” masalah sistemik agensi
pengintip.
Kumpulan
4 pakar perisikan - William Binney , Thomas Drake , Edward Loomis dan Kirk
Wiebe - yang bekerja di NSA untuk “sebanyak 144 tahun, kebanyakan mereka di
peringkat kanan” tegas dalam surat itu keperluan untuk Obama untuk menangani
apa mereka telah dilihat sebagai penyalahgunaan yang telah melanggar hak
Pindaan Keempat Amerika ‘dan yang telah membuat yang betul, perisikan berkesan
mengumpul lebih sukar.
“Apa
yang kami memberitahu anda dalam Memorandum ini adalah semata-mata kecil
daripada bilangan itu,” kumpulan itu, yang menggelarkan diri mereka Profesional
Perisikan Veteran untuk Berakal (VIP), menulis. “Kami bersedia - jika anda -
bagi per-bualan jujur. Bahawa koleksi besar NSA adalah lebih penghalang daripada
membantu dalam mencegah serangan pengganas harus jelas kini walaupun tuntutan
palsu dan ‘dissembling.”
Kumpulan
itu mengkritik NSA bagi dasar-dasarnya yang luas pengumpulan data, yang mereka
katakan yg menghalang agensi dari mengesan secara efektif plot keganasan
sebenar terlebih dahulu, seperti pengeboman Boston Marathon pada bulan April
2013.
“NSA
adalah lemas dalam data tidak berguna kekurangan peruntukan privasi yang
mencukupi, ke titik di mana ia tidak boleh menjalankan pengawasan pengganas
yang berkaitan dengan berkesan dan analisis,” mereka menulis. “Baru-baru ini
didedahkan dalaman dokumen taklimat NSA menguatkan lemas , dengan kemasukan
memalukan, di bureaucratese, bahawa koleksi NSA telah ‘mengatasi’ keupayaan NSA
untuk menelan, proses, dan menyimpan data -
Apatah lagi menganalisis pengambilalihan”.
Surat
itu mencemuh pemimpin masyarakat perisikan dan bekas seperti Pengarah Perisikan
Kebangsaan James anak loceng - untuk berbohong kepada Kongres - dan pengarah
NSA semasa Keith Alexander dan bekas ketua Michael Hayden untuk sengaja
mengganggu kecekapan dan kecergasan program pengawasan agensi.
“Sesungguhnya
kamu Intuit sesuatu yang serong apabila Pengarah NSA Keith Alexander
membuktikan kepada Kongres bahawa koleksi besar NSA telah ‘digagalkan’ 54 plot
pengganas dan kemudian, di bawah mempersoalkan, terpaksa mengurangkan jumlah
itu kepada satu, yang tidak boleh sendiri menahan penelitian dekat.
Dan
pasti anda memahami mengapa bekas Pengarah NSA dan Pengarah CIA Michael Hayden
protes terlalu banyak dan terlalu kerap di Fox News dan CNN, dan mengapa dia
dan Jawatankuasa Perisikan Dewan Mike Rogers secara terbuka mencadangkan bahawa
pemberi maklumat Edward Snowden diletakkan di Senarai Kill anda.”
“Adakah
kesetiaan buta diguna pakai dalam White House anda ke titik di mana, 40 tahun
selepas Watergate, tidak ada John tunggal Dekan untuk memberi amaran kepada
anda tentang” kanser pada jawatan presiden ? “Ada tiada peguam anda
mengingatkan anda bahawa” pengawasan elektronik rakyat swasta . . . subversif
kerajaan berperlembagaan “adalah salah satu daripada tiga Artikel pemecatan
terhadap Presiden Richard Nixon yang diluluskan oleh 28-10 undi kedua-dua parti
daripada Jawatankuasa Rumah Kehakiman pada 27 Julai 1974 ?”
Surat
VIP menunjukkan wawasan yang digabungkan dan kepakaran ini penganalisis
perisikan dihormati - semua diejek dan beberapa didakwa selepas memanggil
perhatian kepada penyalahgunaan NSA tahun sebelum orang telah mendengar bekas
kontraktor NSA dan leaker Edward Snowden - boleh menjadi penting dalam
menghadapi masyarakat penubuhan di Washington ingin perlindungan program
pengawasan besar-besaran yang berkenaan.
“Memandangkan
bulatan tertutup di sekeliling anda, kami membenarkan kemungkinan bahawa bau
daripada herrings ini merah reput masih belum anda mencapainya - walaupun anda
sendiri Review Group telah mendapatinya, sebagai contoh, bahawa koleksi besar
NSA telah digagalkan tepat sifar plot pengganas, “mereka menulis, merujuk
kepada panel Obama- dilantik yang telah ditugaskan untuk mengkaji prosedur NSA.”
“Realiti
menyedihkan , Tuan Presiden, adalah bahawa NSA sendiri mempunyai maklumat yang
cukup untuk mencegah 9/11, tetapi memilih untuk duduk di atasnya dan bukan
berkongsi dengan FBI atau CIA. Kami ketahui dan kami berada di sana. Kami saksi
kepada banyak penghinaan birokrasi yang dibuat NSA sekurang-kurangnya sebagai
bersalah atas kegagalan pre-9/11 sebagaimana yang lain-lain agensi perisikan Amerika
Syarikat.”
VIP
melawat banyak maklumat yang telah dilaporkan, termasuk kes percubaan eksekutif
kanan NSA Drake untuk meyakinkan ketua-ketua agensi yang satu program yang
dibangunkan oleh Binney seharusnya dilakukan pengumpulan maklumat risikan
penting. THINTHREAD, dihasilkan untuk jumlah yang agak kecil wang tidak lama
sebelum serangan 9/11, disusun maklumat tanpa melanggar Pindaan yang Ke-4 atau
piawaian privasi NSA itu, yang VIP menulisnya.
Tetapi
sebaliknya, maka pengarah - NSA Michael Hayden memilih program yang berbeza,
STELLARWIND, yang dihasilkan oleh kontraktor pertahanan yang berbilion-bilion
dolar kos manakala melanggar Pindaan Keempat dan hak privasi. Drake berbunyi
penggera, meneruskan untuk menolak untuk THINTHREAD penggunaan walaupun selepas
semua pemaju meninggalkan NSA pada Oktober 2011. Dalam menyokong mantap beliau
untuk program yang dibuang , dia mendapat tahu berapa banyak risikan diambil
tindakan NSA telah berkumpul secara sah yang boleh digagalkan serangan 9/11,
katanya.
Apabila
diminta untuk menyediakan laporan atas permintaan Kongres pengetahuan NSA itu
daripada plot 9/11 dan perampas sebelum September 11, 2001, Drake berkata
agensi membuat keputusan untuk Mogok mengambil apa-apa tanggungjawab.
“Selepas
beberapa minggu [ketua SIGINT Maureen] Baginski menolak draf Penyata pasukan
saya untuk laporan Rekod dan dibuang saya dari tugas,” Drake menulis. “Apabila
saya bertanya mengapa, dia berkata terdapat ‘masalah integriti data’ (tidak
lagi diterangkan) dengan Penyata draf saya untuk Rekod.
Saya
telah datang kepada ayat-ayat tambahan yang merosakkan. Sebagai contoh, NSA
mempunyai kandungan panggilan telefon antara AA-77 perampas Khalid al-Mihdhar
di San Diego, CA, dan dikenali al-Qaeda rumah selamat suis yang di Yaman
sebelum 9/11, dan tidak disebarkan bahawa maklumat di luar NSA.”
“Pendek
kata, apabila berhadapan dengan prospek fessing atas, NSA memilih dan bukannya untuk
menghalang 9/11 siasatan kongres, bermain dalam keadaan sihat, dan menyimpan
kebenaran dikebumikan, termasuk fakta bahawa ia tahu tentang semua panggilan
masuk dan keluar ke rumah papan suis selamat di Yaman.
Pemimpin
kanan NSA itu membawa saya kira tugas kerana mereka sedar - lambat , atas sebab
tertentu - Bahawa saya tidak akan mengambil bahagian dalam menutup kebenaran
tentang berapa banyak NSA tahu tetapi tidak berkongsi”
Surat
itu, dengan baris subjek “Input untuk Keputusan anda pada NSA,” ditetapkan masa
bertepatan dengan perbincangan sedang terjadi dalam pentadbiran Obama untuk
menghadapi disyorkan pembaharuan NSA dari panel.
Bulan
lepas, kumpulan kajian 5 orang, yang terdiri daripada perisikan dan pentadbiran
dalaman, dipasang oleh Obama dibentangkan White House dengan laporan
mencadang-kan bahawa NSA mempertimbangkan puluhan cadangan bertujuan untuk
reformasi beberapa operasi terdedah melalui kebocoran dibekalkan oleh Snowden.
Selepas
laporan yang telah siap tetapi sebelum presiden pergi bercuti pada akhir
Disember, Obama berkata beliau akan membuat “kenyataan cukup muktamad tentang
semua ini pada bulan Januari.”
Presiden
kini dijangka untuk menimbang dalam kepada cadangan orang-orang umum dalam
Negeri tahunan alamat Union pada 28 Januari di Washington.
Obama
dilaporkan akan mengadakan mesyuarat tertutup dengan pegawai-pegawai terpilih
pada minggu ini sebelum ucapan awam untuk membincangkan secara peribadi masa
depan operasi pengawasan kontroversi diperjuangkan oleh NSA.
Former
NSA whistleblowers plead for Chance
to brief OBAMA on Agency Abuses . . .
A
group of former National Security Agency insiders who went on to become
whistle-blowers have written a letter to President Barack Obama, requesting a
meeting with him to offer “a fuller picture” of the spy agency’s systemic
problems.
The
group of four intelligence specialists - William Binney, Thomas Drake, Edward
Loomis and Kirk Wiebe - who worked at the NSA for “a total of 144 years, most
of them at senior levels” stressed in the letter the need for Obama to address
what they’ve seen as abuses that violated Americans’ Fourth Amendment rights
and that have made proper, effective intelligence gathering more difficult.
“What
we tell you in this Memorandum is merely the tip of the iceberg,” the group,
calling themselves the Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity (VIPS),
wrote. “We are ready – if you are – for an honest conversation. That NSA’s bulk
collection is more hindrance than help in preventing terrorist attacks should
be clear by now despite the false claims and dissembling.”
The
group criticized the NSA for its vast data collection policies, which they say
bars the agency from effectively tracking actual terror plots in advance, such
as the Boston Marathon bombing in April 2013.
The
“NSA is drowning in useless data lacking adequate privacy provisions, to the
point where it cannot conduct effective terrorist-related surveillance and
analysis,” they write. “A recently disclosed internal NSA briefing document
corroborates the drowning, with the embarrassing admission, in bureaucratese,
that NSA collection has been ‘outpacing’ NSA’s ability to ingest, process, and
store data – let alone analyze the take.”
The
letter ridicules current and former intelligence community leaders like
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper - for lying to Congress - and
current NSA director Keith Alexander and its former chief Michael Hayden for
purposely distorting the efficiency and vitality of the agency’s surveillance
programs.
“Surely
you intuit that something is askew when NSA Director Keith Alexander testifies
to Congress that NSA’s bulk collection has ‘thwarted’ 54 terrorist plots and
later, under questioning, is forced to reduce that number to one, which cannot
itself withstand close scrutiny. And surely you understand why former NSA
Director and CIA Director Michael Hayden protests too much and too often on Fox
News and CNN, and why he and House Intelligence Committee Mike Rogers publicly
suggest that whistleblower Edward Snowden be put on your Kill List.”
“Does
a blind loyalty prevail in your White House to the point where, 40 years after
Watergate, there is not a single John Dean to warn you of a “cancer on the
presidency?” Have none of your lawyers reminded you that “electronic surveillance
of private citizens … subversive of constitutional government” was one of the
three Articles of Impeachment against President Richard Nixon approved by a
bipartisan 28 to 10 vote of the House Judiciary Committee on July 27, 1974?”
The
VIPS letter indicates the combined insight and expertise of these respected
intelligence analysts - all ridiculed and some prosecuted after calling
attention to NSA abuses years before anyone had heard of former NSA contractor
and leaker Edward Snowden - can be important in the face of an establishment
community in Washington seeking to shelter the mass surveillance programs in
question.
“Given
the closed circle surrounding you, we are allowing for the possibility that the
smell from these rotting red herrings has not yet reached you – even though
your own Review Group has found, for example, that NSA’s bulk collection has
thwarted exactly zero terrorist plots,” they write, referring to an
Obama-appointed panel that was tasked with reviewing NSA procedures."
“The
sadder reality, Mr. President, is that NSA itself had enough information to
prevent 9/11, but chose to sit on it rather than share it with the FBI or CIA.
We know; we were there. We were witness to the many bureaucratic indignities
that made NSA at least as culpable for pre-9/11 failures as are other U.S.
intelligence agencies.”
The
VIPS revisit much of the information already reported, including the case of
NSA senior executive Drake’s attempts to convince agency heads that a program
developed by Binney should have been used for crucial intelligence gathering.
THINTHREAD, produced for a relatively small amount of money shortly before the
9/11 attacks, sorted information without violating the Fourth Amendment or
NSA’s privacy standards, the VIPS write.
But
instead, then-NSA director Michael Hayden chose a different program,
STELLARWIND, produced by defense contractors that cost billions of dollars
while violating Fourth Amendment and privacy rights. Drake sounded the alarm,
continuing to push for THINTHREAD use even after all its developers left the
NSA in October 2011. In his steady support for the discarded program, he found
out how much actionable intelligence the NSA had legally gathered that could
have thwarted the 9/11 attacks, he says.
Upon
being asked to prepare a report at the request of Congress on the NSA’s
knowledge of the 9/11 plot and hijackers before September 11, 2001, Drake says
the agency decided to balk at taking any responsibility.
“After
a couple of weeks [SIGINT chief Maureen] Baginski rejected my draft team
Statement for the Record report and removed me from the task,” Drake writes.
“When I asked her why, she said there was a ‘data integrity problem’ (not
further explained) with my draft Statement for the Record. I had come upon
additional damaging revelations. For example, NSA had the content of telephone
calls between AA-77 hijacker Khalid al-Mihdhar in San Diego, CA, and the known
al-Qaeda safe house switchboard in Yemen well before 9/11, and had not
disseminated that information beyond NSA.”
“In
short, when confronted with the prospect of fessing up, NSA chose instead to
obstruct the 9/11 congressional investigation, play dumb, and keep the truth
buried, including the fact that it knew about all inbound and outbound calls to
the safe house switchboard in Yemen. NSA’s senior leaders took me off the task
because they realized – belatedly, for some reason – that I would not take part
in covering up the truth about how much NSA knew but did not share.”
The
letter, with the subject line “Input for Your Decisions on NSA,” is timed to
coincide with deliberations currently happening in the Obama administration to
confront recommended NSA reforms from the panel.
Last
month, the five-person review group, made up of intelligence and administration
insiders, assembled by Obama presented the White House with a report suggesting
that the NSA consider dozens of recommendations meant to reform some of the
operations exposed through leaks supplied by Snowden. After that report was
completed but before the president went on vacation in late December, Obama
said he’d make a "pretty definitive statement about all of this in
January."
The
President is now expected to weigh in on those recommendations publically
during the annual State of the Union address scheduled for January 28 in
Washington.
Obama
will reportedly hold a closed-door meeting with select officials on this week
in advance of the public speech to discuss in private the future of the
controversial surveillance operations waged by the NSA.
READ
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